Islamic University Of Al Madinah Al Munawwarah | Language: French | Format: PDF | Pages: 1235 | Size: 28 MBThe
Qur'an ("Qor-Ann") is a Message from Allah (swt) to humanity. It was
transmitted to us in a chain starting from the Almighty Himself (swt)
to the angel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad (saw). This message was
given to the Prophet (saw) in pieces over a period spanning
approximately 23 years (610 CE to 632 CE). The Prophet (saw) was 40
years old when the Qur'an began to be revealed to him, and he was 63
when the revelation was completed. The language of the original message
was Arabic, but it has been translated into many other languages.
The Qur'an is one of the two
sources which form the basis of Islam. The second source is the Sunnah
of the Prophet (saw). What makes the Qur'an different from the Sunnah
is primarily its form. Unlike the Sunnah, the Qur'an is literally the
Word of Allah (swt), whereas the Sunnah was inspired by Allah but the
wording and actions are the Prophet's (saw). The Qur'an has not been
expressed using any human's words. Its wording is letter for letter
fixed by no one but Allah.
Prophet Muhammad (saw) was the
final Messenger of Allah to humanity, and therefore the Qur'an is the
last Message which Allah (swt) has sent to us. Its predecessors such as
the Torah, Psalms, and Gospels have all been superseded. It is an
obligation - and blessing - for all who hear of the Qur'an and Islam to
investigate it and evaluate it for themselves. Allah (swt) has
guaranteed that He will protect the Qur'an from human tampering, and
today's readers can find exact copies of it all over the world. The
Qur'an of today is the same as the Qur'an revealed to Muhammad (saw)
1400 years ago.
The Qur'an was revealed in
pure Arabic to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) over a period of twenty-three
years ending in 632 A.D., the year he passed away. The first revelation
was only five verses, the first five verses of Chapter 96. Among the
very early revelations are Surah 73, 74, 80 and 97. The revelations
were sent by Allah, Subhanahu wa Ta'ala (SWT), the creator and
sustainer of the universe, and transmitted to him by the Archangel
Jibril (as) (Gabriel). The revelations he received were sometimes a few
verses, a part of a chapter or the whole chapter. Some revelations came
down in response to an inquiry by the nonbelievers. The ordering of the
Qur'an is not the same as the revelations. Archangel Jibril (as) taught
the ordering of Ayat and Surahs (refer to Surah 75) as he transmitted
the revelations to Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).
The Qur'an speaks
in the first person, i.e., Allah's commandments to its creation. The
Qur'an also uses the royal "We" for Allah's commandments. The main
theme of the Qur'an and all previous revelations has been the absolute
oneness of Allah, the creator and sustainer of the universe, who is
without partner(s). Allah (Glory be to Him) did not beget nor was He
begotten. The Qur'anic verses address people in a variety of ways
depending on the context. It says "O mankind" and "O people" in a
general sense addressing to all people, and in other instances "O
believers" for those who have already accepted the message of Qur'an.
The
Qur'an is the direct Word of Allah and it does not contain a single
alphabet from anyone, even Prophet Muhammad. The sayings of Prophet
Muhammad are contained in separate compilations known as Hadith, and
include his deeds, lifestyle, and decisions on a variety of issues. The
Qur'an and Hadith form the foundation of daily life of a practicing
Muslim. The Qur'an has not changed by even an alphabet since its
revelation fourteen centuries ago. Allah (SWT) has promised in the
Qur'an that He will preserve it to the end of time. It is also for this
reason there is no need for any new prophet or revelation (guidance) to
come to humankind. The Qur'an is read in Arabic with great emphasis on
the accuracy of recitation, including the recognition of diacritical
marks and places where one pauses momentarily or stops.
The
Arabic word Surah is loosely translated as chapter and Ayah as verse
for the English readers who are unfamiliar with Qura'nic concepts. The
Ayah (plural Ayat) means a sign. Those who have read the meaning of the
Qur'an thoroughly and have had time to reflect upon them appreciate the
word ayah as it is truly a sign from Allah (SWT), the lord of the
universe, the absolute, without any partners or associate. Allah is the
personal name of God, the Lord of the universe, the owner of the day of
judgement. The word Allah is not subject to gender (male or female,
such as god or goddess) or plurality (such as gods or goddesses). This
word is found in Semitic languages, spoken by Prophets (I'sa) Jesus and
(Musa) Moses, peace be upon them both (as).
According to the
Qur'an, Allah sent Numerous Nabi (prophets) and Rasool (messengers),
i.e., those prophets who were also given revelations or books from
Allah. Among them are many that are also mentioned in the old and new
testaments, and others that are specifically mentioned in the Qur'an.
The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) came about six centuries after Prophet I'sa
(Jesus) and was the last prophet of Allah. He is the seal of the
Prophets. The words Islam and Muslim are defined in the Qur'an, and
Allah (SWT) states in the Qur'an that the religion of all Prophets was
Islam and called them Muslims. Specifically, Prophet Abraham, among
others, is called a Muslim in the Qur'an. The word Islam means total
submission (to the will and commandments of Allah). It is derived from
the root word SLM and salam means peace (shalom in Hebrew). A Muslim is
one who submits to the will and commandments of Allah. The Qur'an is
sent for both humankind and Jinns.
BURADAN INDIREBILIRSINIZ
